Building strong communities to prevent future housing crises

Pete Walther serves as President of Private Client Services at Marsh McLennan Agency. Francis Bouchard holds the position of Managing Director for Climate at Marsh McLennan.

House
Car culture, meet house culture.
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The figures are evident. A widening gap between what policyholders are charged and the costs borne by insurers. Difficulties in obtaining reasonably priced insurance options. Individuals in Florida and Louisiana facing significantly higher insurance premiums. The cost of replacement items experiencing unchecked inflation. However, don't be misled; these observations pertain to auto insurance, not property insurance. 

TL;DR

  • Establish a unified, public data source for risk assessment to guide local decisions and refine home safety programs.
  • Promote consumer demand for home safety comparable to the strong desire for automotive safety features.
  • Implement proven, cost-effective structural reinforcement methods to enhance resilience against natural disasters.
  • Foster public-private partnerships to integrate resilient design and improve risk clarity for homeowners.

The absence of a national auto insurance crisis stems partly from a risk management framework established by the industry approximately 50 years ago. This framework began with data collection and culminated in the implementation of safety standards. In the interim, specific government mandates, precisely defined government risk pools, and substantial consumer interest emerged, leading to widespread acknowledgment of 4-star insurance safety ratings, even in advertisements for trucks on a Saturday afternoon. 

To prevent a housing crisis in the U.S., we must address the rapidly growing dangers from wildfires, hurricanes, extreme heat, and flooding in a similar fashion. 

Establishing a single, trustworthy, and publicly accessible data source to enhance our shared understanding of risks would be the initial action. Essentially, we require a simulated model for residences, neighborhoods, and water systems to guide and refine local choices. With these community-specific insights in hand, we can strengthen the argument for significantly scaling up the implementation of proven, though currently limited, home safety programs such as the Institute for Business and Home Safety’s (IBHS) Fortified or Prepared home certifications. 

State governments, which oversee insurance, ought to leverage this same information to direct diverse capital investments toward suitable resilient infrastructure. They should welcome all types of innovation. Furthermore, taxpayer money should only be exposed to risk when addressing genuine market failures, not when readily available capital is an option.

However, the most significant shift we require is cultural. We must foster a consumer desire for home safety that's at least as potent as the one for automobiles. 

Climate literacy

To foster a cultural shift, enhanced awareness is crucial. A prime illustration is the substantial lack of understanding regarding flood insurance; a staggering 96% of American homeowners are uninsured against floods. This deficiency stems from flood coverage being omitted from typical homeowner policies or from the simplistic flood zone designations that lull at-risk homeowners into a false sense of safety. Consequently, a disproportionate number of consumers discover that flood damage isn't covered only when it's too late, after the incident has occurred.

Take the recent floods in Texas as an example. FEMA estimates that only 4% of homeowners nationwide have flood insurance, even those in risk-prone areas. In Kerr County, the area hardest hit by flooding, the percentage of homeowners with flood insurance was even lower. Only 2.2% had policies in place. Many in Texas thought flood insurance was an unnecessary expense or only discovered their lack of coverage after the flood waters receded.

The concept of a “once in a hundred-year storm” is a misconception. Numerous households incorrectly assume that enduring one natural disaster reduces the likelihood of experiencing another. The truth is considerably more intricate. Irrespective of past disaster occurrences, each incident presents a vital chance to reconstruct more resiliently and intelligently. 

When we all grasp the genuine danger presented by today's extreme weather, we'll be better equipped to devise a shared strategy. 

Risk mitigation

Often, the most effective strategy is to protect yourself. The Natural Hazard Mitigation Save Report indicates that it's six times more cost effective to mitigate for a risk compared to recovering from an incident.

By enabling large-scale rebuilding that meets IBHS guidelines, we can better prepare homes and neighborhoods for natural calamities such as wildfires and hurricanes, thereby boosting their financial resilience. Our primary protective measures will consistently involve proven, cost-effective structural reinforcement methods with significant benefits, including establishing safe zones around residences, improving roof systems, fitting windows that resist impact, equipping backup power sources, and deploying sensors for low temperatures. 

Similar to vehicles, a surge of contemporary innovations requires evaluation, expansion, and implementation across both consumer and industrial sectors, mirroring the three-to-five-year market cycle that saw the integration of reverse cameras and blind spot monitors as common features.

Public-private partnership

The ability to obtain insurance is directly tied to its cost, with affordability providing reassurance and economic security for the people within our broader communities. Communities that don't adjust will face extensive and significant economic repercussions.

Ultimately, we must mirror the value chain strategy that propelled the automotive safety framework to success. Construction companies, akin to historical OEMs, must integrate safety as a fundamental customer requirement. Professionals such as architects, structural engineers, and developers, much like global auto parts manufacturers, should establish resilient design as the norm rather than a custom option. Furthermore, real estate agents, similar to car salespeople highlighting the latest safety innovations, need to grasp how to utilize diverse analytical instruments and disclosure methods to achieve enhanced risk and pricing clarity. 

This kind of collaboration between the public and private sectors has proven effective in energy efficiency initiatives. Businesses partner with local areas to conduct home assessments, and these areas then offer homeowners incentives, like rebates, for following the recommended improvements. A similar model could be applied to resilience efforts. Consider resilience assessments that, once acted upon, not only reduce homeowners' insurance premiums but also enhance the safety and insurability of the entire community.

However, the crucial element is to adopt the safety-first approach that auto manufacturers and insurance companies established during the 1970s. Ultimately, if we can persuade truck owners to insist on a 4-star safety rating, we can achieve the same with homeowners. 

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